Unfortunately, in this study authors did not created separate categories for LRP and RALP as the majority of laparoscopic surgery was performed with robotic assistance. In our case series, dissection

of pelvic lymph node was not an independent risk factor for TED because no significant differences were demonstrated in the values of the markers analyzed among the various subgroups of patients studied. Moreover, it should be noted that in previous studies only the clinical incidence of venous thromboembolism was measured, but not the changes of coagulation factors. In other studies many biomarkers Alvocidib molecular weight were specifically checked for their capacity to predict venous thromboembolism during the course of cancer disease [10], but changes in these markers due to different

types of surgery, such as LRP or RALP, were not evaluated. Our results are even more surprising when we consider that the anesthetic drugs used both in TIVA-TCI and BAL, in particular propofol [34] and sevoflurane [35], act by inhibiting the platelet aggregation, although with different mechanisms. Patients underwent RALP, compared to LRP group, showed a learn more greater reduction of inhibitors of haemostatic system, such as protein S, and the increase of p-selectin, a cell adhesion molecule on the surface of activated endothelial cells and activated platelets [13]. Data present in the literature regarding the different risk of thrombosis in patients submitted to LRP or RALP are very few. In a recent study Saily https://www.selleckchem.com/products/BafilomycinA1.html et al. [36] observed acetylcholine that RALP activates coagulation, and thromboprophylaxis

for high-risk patients even after minimally invasive surgery may be beneficial. In particular, patients undergoing RALP showed postoperatively increased levels of fibrinogen, factor VIII, d-dimer associated to a thrombocytosis, reflecting a coagulation activity. The greater risk of thrombosis with the RALP could be also related to the surgical stress that leads RALP to a major release of inflammatory mediators [37] or a greater oxidative stress induced by ischemia–reperfusion [38], determining the endothelial dysfunction and hypercoagulability [27]. This hypothesis is outlined by the fact that no differences were observed in other factors that may cause an activation of the haemostatic system in the peri-operative period such as anemia, hypoxia, hypothermia, hemodilution, hypotension, peritoneal insufflation, and Trendelenburg position [39,40]. We do not know whether changes in pro-coagulant factors may determine the occurrence of thrombotic complications since an anti-thrombotic prophylaxis was administered for ethical reasons 24 hrs after surgery. Our results suggest the use of a prophylaxis in all patients undergoing laparoscopic prostatectomy, in particular RALP, regardless of the type of anesthesia.