36 mm. The number of capillaries and the total capacity of the integrated capillaries are summarized in Table 1. Our fluidic chip was they designed for single-use. The vertical capillary tubes function as a passive pump and a waste reservoir. Therefore, there is no outlet on our fluidic chip.Table 1.Geometric parameters of integrated capillary tubes and total flow volumes. The designed radius and center distance were 0.1 and 0.36 mm, respectively. The flow volume is the calculated value.The flow channel was fabricated from double-sided adhesive film and using a mechanical cutting plotter (CG60ST Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd., Japan). The center flow channel (0.9 mm wide) branched to the left and right compartments (See
Color is defined as the visible electromagnetic spectrum reflected by an object and perceivable by a sensor within its detection range, being one of the most important attributes of objects’ appearance.
Being a highly informative variable, trials for its quantification by measurement (i.e., colorimetry) have conducted since the early 1900s. In fact, the first colorimetric standard CIE L*a*b* was developed in 1931 on the basis of measures under variable daylight, object and human perceptor (i.e., the tristimulus approach) [1,2]. Following the technological evolution together with the development of the Information Communication Technology (ICT), the introduction of the digital imaging widened both the acquisition tools and the rendering media, requiring the elaboration of up-to-date and different color spaces [2,3].
In this new instrumental and applicative context, there was the need to numerically define the colors by their coordinates in n-dimensional space. Although the spectrum is continuous with no clear boundaries between one color and the next ones, AV-951 color ranges were established as an approximation for coordinate definition [4].Each color depends on the type of emission source that irradiates an object, as well as on the physical properties of the object itself (which reflects the radiation consequently detected by the sensor), and finally on the in-between medium (e.g., air or water) [5]. Generally, the color spaces applied in product classification are the standard RGB (sRGB; red, green, blue) and L*a*b*. sRGB can be obtained rapidly using computer vision systems. Outputs signals are generated by the camera sensors (e.g.
, CCD or CMOS), but the rendering is device-dependent, since the range of colors varies according to the display device specifications [2,6,7]. In order to overcome this problem, sRGB values are often transformed selleck chemical Ruxolitinib to other color spaces such L*a*b*. Moreover, even the result of such transformation is device-dependent [8].Commonly other sRGB color calibrations, using various methods and algorithms, are used to overcome this problem.