49 These medications were

compared in an 8-wcek, double-blind study of elderly (age over 60) patients with schizophrenia. The dosing of both medications was flexible, with a range of 1 to 3 mg/day for risperidone and 5 to 20 mg/day for olanzapine. The primary outcome measures were the change on the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and rates of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs). This investigation Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical found that patients in both groups showed significant, improvement, during the 8-weck trial, and that this improvement was similar for both treatment groups. The rates of EPSs were also similar in both groups. Side effects of atypical antipsychotics in elderly patients The Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical safety and adverse events profile of atypical antipsychotics in elderly patients treated is mixed. On the positive side, there is a significantly lower incidence of tardive dyskinesia among older patients taking atypical antipsychotics compared with the older typical antipsychotics. There is widespread concern regarding the effect of atypical antipsychotics on cardiovascular and metabolic function, diabetes, and lipid levels, with resultant warnings issued by various regulatory and professional organizations. It is beyond the scope of this paper to review the substantial body of literature in these areas. Particular safety concerns have been raised regarding the use of atypical Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical antipsychotics in older patients

with dementia. Elevated mortality Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical rates have been reported in placebo-controlled trials of atypical antipsychotics

in demented patients taking active drugs compared with placebo. On the basis of the findings of a 1.6- to 1.7-fold increase in the risk of mortality in patients with behavioral disturbances due to dementia taking atypical antipsychotics compared with placebo, alerts and warnings have been issued in the USA, the UK, and Canada with respect to use of all atypical antipsychotics in demented patients. An increase in cerebrovascular adverse events was also observed in these studies. It should be noted that these studies Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical were typically carried out in nursing home settings in very old patients with a variety of dementing disorders, and many of the patients had elevated vascular risk factors, including history of mafosfamide hypertension and stroke. Agitation and psychosis, the behavioral disturbances of Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementing disorders present difficult, and complex clinical management, problems. Currently available treatments, both pharmacological and behavioral, are far from optimal, from both a safety and efficacy perspective. “No treatment,” is clearly not an option for many patients. Therefore, great, care must, taken in use of any treatment, and close monitoring is essential. It remains unclear whether these concerns arc specific to older patients with EPZ004777 research buy dementias or whether they are generalizable to atypical antipsychotic use in all older patients.