Comparison of a new event with https://www.selleckchem.com/products/urmc-099.html preceding sensory conditions is necessary for the change-detection process. A sudden change in a continuous sound elicits auditory evoked potentials that peak approximately 100 ms after the onset of the change (Change-N1). In the present study, we recorded Change-N1 under an oddball paradigm in 19 healthy subjects using an abruptly moving sound (SM-stimulus) as a deviant stimulus and investigated effects of
the probability of the SM-stimulus to reveal whether Change-N1 is a memory-based response. We compared the amplitude and latency of Change-N1 elicited by the SM-stimulus among three probability conditions (33, 50 and 100%). As the probability of the SM-stimulus decreased, the amplitude of Change-N1 increased and its latency decreased. The present results indicate that the preceding sensory history affects Change-N1 elicited by the SM-stimulus. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.”
“Cognitive inflexibility in schizophrenia is treatment-resistant and predictive of poor outcome. This study examined the effect of asenapine, a novel psychopharmacologic agent being developed for schizophrenia and bipolar DihydrotestosteroneDHT clinical trial disorder, on cognitive dysfunction in the rat.
The objective of this paper was to establish
whether asenapine has a beneficial effect on the performance of rats with ibotenic acid-induced lesion of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in an intradimensional/extradimensional (ID/ED) test of cognitive flexibility.
The effect of subcutaneously administered asenapine (0.75, 7.5, 75 mu g/kg) on ID/ED performance of controls or mPFC-lesioned rats was examined using a within-subjects, repeated-measures design. In a second experiment, lesioned and control rats were
tested with or without asenapine in a modified version of the task, with multiple set-shifts, before brains were processed for Fos-immunoreactivity in the mPFC.
The mPFC lesion-induced deficit in the ID/ED task was stable with repeated click here testing over more than two months. Asenapine (75 mu g/kg s.c., p < 0.05) completely restored the performance of lesioned rats. Experiment 2 replicated both lesion and asenapine effects and demonstrated that it is possible to measure set-shifting multiple times within a test session. Asenapine (75 mu g/kg s.c.) was associated with differential activation of the neurons in the anterior mPFC of lesioned animals, but was without effect in controls.
Asenapine can ameliorate mPFC lesion-induced impairment in attentional set-shifting, and is associated with a greater activation of the spared neurons in the anterior mPFC. These data suggest that asenapine may benefit impaired cognitive flexibility in disorders such as schizophrenia.”
“Baboons are an ideal model for studies of human inflammatory response due to their physiological and immunological similarities to people; however; little is known about how age affects immune function in the baboon.