Development of user friendly approaches to biofeedback therapy and use of home biofeedback programs will significantly enhance the adoption of this treatment by gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons in the future. Improved reimbursement for this proven and relatively inexpensive treatment will carry a significant impact on the problem. P005091 datasheet (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“One of the central problems in computational neuroscience is to understand how the object-recognition

pathway of the cortex learns a deep hierarchy of nonlinear feature detectors. Recent progress in machine learning shows that it is possible to learn deep hierarchies without requiring any labelled data. The feature detectors are learned

one layer at a time and the goal of the learning procedure is to form a good generative model of images, not to predict the class of each image. The learning procedure only requires the pairwise correlations between the activations of neuron-like processing units in adjacent layers. The original version ICG-001 Stem Cells & Wnt inhibitor of the learning procedure is derived from a quadratic ‘energy’ function but it can be extended to allow third-order, multiplicative interactions in which neurons gate the pairwise interactions between other neurons. A technique for factoring the third-order interactions leads to a learning module that again has a simple learning rule based on pairwise correlations. This module looks remarkably like modules that have been proposed by both biologists trying to explain the responses of neurons and engineers trying to create systems that can recognize objects.”
“We perform a combined theoretical and experimental study of the phase stability and magnetism of the off-stoichiometric Ni1-xMn1+xSb in the half-Heusler crystal phase. Our work is motivated by the need for strategies to engineer the magnetism of potentially half-metallic

materials, such as NiMnSb, for improved Compound Library performance at elevated temperatures. By means of ab initio calculations we investigate Ni1-xMn1+xSb over the whole composition range 0 <= x <= 1 of Ni replacing Mn and show that at relevant temperatures, the half-Heusler phase should be thermodynamically stable up to at least x=0.20 with respect to the competing C38 structure of Mn2Sb. Furthermore we find that half-Heusler Ni1-xMn1+xSb retains half-metallic band structure over the whole concentration range and that the magnetic moments of substitutional Mn-Ni atoms display magnetic exchange interactions an order of magnitude larger than the Ni-Mn interaction in NiMnSb. We also demonstrate experimentally that the alloys indeed can be created by synthesizing off-stoichiometric Ni1-xMn1+xSb films on MgO substrates by means of magnetron sputtering. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3476282]“
“Functional constipation is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders.