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“Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the levels and sources of distress in patients with lymphoma. This study Proteases inhibitor also focused on the influence of factors of the level of distress and the cutoff score using the Distress Thermometer (DT) relative
to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
Method: DT and HADS were used to estimate the psychological status of 323 eligible lymphoma patients. The DT was evaluated against the HADS for its sensitivity and specificity.
Results: One hundred and ninety-three (59.7%) lymphoma patients experienced overall distress on the HADS, with 137 (42.4%) experiencing anxiety and 114 (35.3%) suffering from depression. There were 199 (61.6%) and 163 (50.5%) patients with distress score 4 and 5, respectively. DT was significantly correlated with the HADS-total (T) (r=0.820, p<0.001), HADS-depression (D) (r=0.763, p<0.001), and HADS-anxiety (A) (r=0.738, p<0.001). The consistency of the DT and HADS was favorable (coherence index=0.6030, p<0.01) when the cutoff score was 5 for the DT. Referring to the
cutoff of 15 on HADS, 5 on DT yielded optimal specificity (0.869, p<0.001) and sensitivity (0.756, p<0.001). In multiple logistic regression analysis, patients with B symptoms’ were more likely to have a distress score 5 [OR=4.512, ON-01910 manufacturer p<0.05, 95% CI 1.953-10.467].
Conclusion: DT is efficacious for screening for anxiety and depression in lymphoma patients. Copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Pharmaceutical aerosols have been targeted to the lungs for the treatment of asthma and pulmonary infectious diseases successfully. Micafungin (Astellas Pharma US, Deerfield,
IL, USA) has been shown to be an effective antifungal agent when administrated intravenously. Pulmonary delivery of micafungin has not previously been reported. In the present pilot study, we characterize the performance of two nebulizers and their potential for delivering micafungin to the lungs as well as the use of multivariate data analysis for mass distribution profile comparison. The concentration of micafungin sodium increased by 21% when delivered by the Acorn II nebulizer and by 20% when delivered by the LC Plus nebulizer, respectively, from the first to the second sampling period. The Ilomastat inhibitor Acorn II nebulizer delivered a fine particle fraction FPF(5.8) (%<5.8 mu m) of 92.5 +/- 0.8 and FPF(3.3) (%<3.3 mu m) of 82.3 +/- 2.1 during the first sampling period. For the LC Plus nebulizer, FPF(5.8) was 92.3 +/- 0.1 and FPF(3.3) was 67.0 +/- 0.7 during the first sampling period. The mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) increased from 1.67 +/- 0.05 to 1.77 +/- 0.04 mu m (Acorn II nebulizer) and from 2.09 +/- 0.01 to 2.20 +/- 0.01 mu m (Pari LC Plus nebulizer) from the first to the second sampling periods. These changes in MMAD were statistically significant by paired t test.