Single-nucleotide polymorphisms, both tagging and functional, from the 3 ENaC subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma (SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G), were genotyped. Multiple

common single-nucleotide polymorphisms in SCNN1G were significantly associated with BP response buy IWR-1-endo to low-sodium intervention (rs4073930, P = 1.7 x 10(-5); rs4073291, P = 1.1 x 10(-5); rs7404408, P = 1.9 x 10(-5); rs5735, P = 3.0 x 10(-4); rs4299163, P = 0.004; and rs4499238, P = 0.002) even after correcting for multiple testing. For example, under an additive model, the minor allele G of SNP rs4073291 was associated with 1.33 mm Hg lower systolic BP reduction during low-sodium intervention.

Conclusions-This large dietary sodium intervention study indicates that common variants of ENaC subunits may contribute to the variation of BP response

to dietary sodium intake. Future studies are warranted to confirm these findings in an independent population and to identify functional variants for salt sensitivity.”
“Purpose of reviewAcute cardiac allograft rejection surveillance has historically ML323 research buy been based on serial endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). Limitations with this approach have stimulated interest in identifying noninvasive surrogate markers of rejection. This review summarizes the evidence assessing the use of direct cardiac markers B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac troponins in detecting acute allograft rejection.Recent findingsBNP, its amino-terminal fragment NT-proBNP, and cardiac troponins T and I have all been extensively evaluated for this purpose, and so far have demonstrated inadequate diagnostic accuracy to replace EMB. Longitudinal surveillance of BNP and NT-proBNP appears to offer promise for improved accuracy, but has not been adequately evaluated in prospective studies. Preliminary investigations into highly sensitive troponin assays suggest a potential role in rejection surveillance, but prospective validation in larger studies is needed.SummaryEMB remains the gold standard for cardiac allograft rejection surveillance. However, recent data indicate potential clinical utility for serial monitoring of natriuretic peptides. If further

investigation into highly sensitive troponin assays confirms the positive data so far reported, further efforts directed toward a longitudinal-based rejection surveillance algorithm Dinaciclib manufacturer incorporating both troponin and BNP may identify a strategy that could serve as an alternative to EMB.”
“Background-The catecholamine release-inhibitor catestatin and its precursor chromogranin A (CHGA) may constitute “”intermediate phenotypes”" in the analysis of genetic risk for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension. Previously, the vacuolar H+-ATPase subunit gene ATP6V0A1 was found within the confidence interval for linkage with catestatin secretion in a genome-wide study, and its 3′-UTR polymorphism T + 3246C (rs938671) was associated with both catestatin processing from CHGA and population blood pressure.