DESIGN: This randomised, open, multicentre, multinational study was conducted in 26 centres and included 1159 patients with smear-positive PTB. 4-FDC daily for 2 months then H+R for 4 months, or single preparations of H, R, Z and E for 2 months followed by H and R for 4 months were administered daily. Sputum smear conversion see more rates at 2, 4 and 6 months (end of treatment [EOT], primary endpoint) and at 9 and 12 months (follow-up) were measured, together with adverse events and the acceptability of the formulations.

RESULTS: Smear conversion rates for 4-FDC and ST at EOT were 80.4% (468/582 patients) vs. 82.7% (477/577) in the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, and

98.1% (404/412) vs. 98.6% (416/422) in the per-protocol (PP) subgroup. Non-inferiority of 4-FDC was demonstrated at month 2, EOT and follow-up in both the ITT and the PP populations. Overall numbers of adverse events were not significantly different between the groups.

CONCLUSION: The efficacy of the 4-FDC regimen was non-inferior to that of the ST regimens, but patient

acceptability significantly improved with 4-FDC.”
“Purpose: Success after laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) for ureteropelvic junction obstruction is determined based on renal scan (RS) results and patient symptomsultrasonography. The upright or prone position during RS may facilitate drainage. This study reports on outcomes after LP and robot-assisted pyeloplasty (RALP) and determines if patient position (supine vs prone) alters the results of VS-6063 the postoperative RS and surgical success. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of LP and RALP performed by one surgeon between 2005 and 2012 was performed. Follow-up consisted of RSultrasonography. BB-94 price The paired t test was used to assess for a significant difference between mean T-1/2 for supine vs prone

scans in each patient. Linear regression was used to determine if preoperative split renal function on the affected side or degree of preoperative hydronephrosis predicted difference in supine vs prone T-1/2. Results: There were 11 LP and 81 RALP performed; 84 had follow-up data. There were four (4.3%) failures. Thirty-eight patients had sufficient supine and prone RS for analysis. The difference in T-1/2 between supine and prone RS was significant (mean difference 10.18 +/- 27.28min, P=0.03). Strict success increased to 65.8% from 44.7% and combined strict plus technical success increasedt o 78.9% from 63.1% on prone vs supine RS. Split function and degree of hydronephrosis were not predictors of difference in RS results. Conclusions: LP and RALP have good technical results. Prone position for RS may facilitate drainage and may be a more accurate representation of postoperative outcome after pyeloplasty, particularly in equivocal cases.”
“Background: Non-coverage of households without a landline telephone is a major concern of telephone survey researchers.